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Foundation English

• explore how language is used differently at home and school depending on the relationships between peopleLanguage · AC9EFLA01
• explore different ways of using language to express preferences, likes and dislikesLanguage · AC9EFLA02
• understand that texts can take many forms such as signs, books and digital textsLanguage · AC9EFLA03
• understand conventions of print and screen, including how books and simple digital texts are usually organisedLanguage · AC9EFLA04
• recognise that sentences are key units for expressing ideasLanguage · AC9EFLA05
• recognise that sentences are made up of groups of words that work together in particular ways to make meaningLanguage · AC9EFLA06
• explore the contribution of images and words to meaning in stories and informative textsLanguage · AC9EFLA07
• recognise and develop awareness of vocabulary used in familiar contexts related to everyday experiences, personal interests and topics taught at schoolLanguage · AC9EFLA08
• identify punctuation as a feature of written text different from letters; recognise that capital letters are used for names, and that capital letters also signal the beginning of sentences while punctuation marks signal the endLanguage · AC9EFLA09
• share ideas about stories, poems and images in literature, reflecting on experiences that are similar or different to their own by engaging with texts by First Nations Australian, and wide-ranging Australian and world authors and illustratorsLiterature · AC9EFLE01
• respond to stories and share feelings and thoughts about their events and charactersLiterature · AC9EFLE02
• recognise different types of literary texts and identify features including events, characters, and beginnings and endingsLiterature · AC9EFLE03
• explore and replicate the rhythms and sound patterns of literary texts such as poems, rhymes and songsLiterature · AC9EFLE04
• retell and adapt familiar literary texts through play, performance, images or writingLiterature · AC9EFLE05
• identify some familiar texts, such as stories and informative texts, and their purposeLiteracy · AC9EFLY01
• interact in informal and structured situations by listening while others speak and using features of voice including volume levelsLiteracy · AC9EFLY02
• identify some differences between imaginative and informative textsLiteracy · AC9EFLY03
• read decodable and authentic texts using developing phonic knowledge, and monitor meaning using context and emerging grammatical knowledgeLiteracy · AC9EFLY04
• use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising and questioning to understand and discuss texts listened to, viewed or read independentlyLiteracy · AC9EFLY05
• create and participate in shared editing of short written texts to record and report ideas and events using some learnt vocabulary, basic sentence boundary punctuation and spelling some consonant-vowel-consonant words correctlyLiteracy · AC9EFLY06
• create and deliver short spoken texts to report ideas and events to peers, using features of voice such as appropriate volumeLiteracy · AC9EFLY07
• form most lower-case and upper-case letters using learnt letter formationsLiteracy · AC9EFLY08
• recognise and generate rhyming words, alliteration patterns, syllables and sounds (phonemes) in spoken words (phonological awareness)Literacy · AC9EFLY09
• segment sentences into individual words; orally blend and segment single-syllable spoken words; isolate, blend and manipulate phonemes in single-syllable words (phonological awareness)Literacy · AC9EFLY10
• recognise and name all upper- and lower-case letters (graphs) and know the most common sound that each letter representsLiteracy · AC9EFLY11
• write consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) words by representing sounds with the appropriate letters, and blend sounds associated with letters when reading CVC wordsLiteracy · AC9EFLY12
• use knowledge of letters and sounds to spell wordsLiteracy · AC9EFLY13
• read and write some high-frequency words and other familiar wordsLiteracy · AC9EFLY14
• understand that words are units of meaning and can be made of more than one meaningful partLiteracy · AC9EFLY15

Foundation Maths

• Numbers to 20 (AC9MFN01) — try a questionNumber · AC9MFN01
• Subitising to 5Number · AC9MFN02
• Count and compare collectionsNumber · AC9MFN03
• Parts and wholes to 10Number · AC9MFN04
• Joining and taking awayNumber · AC9MFN05
• Equal sharing and groupingNumber · AC9MFN06
• Repeating patternsAlgebra · AC9MFA01
• Compare length, mass, capacity and durationMeasurement · AC9MFM01
• Days and times of dayMeasurement · AC9MFM02
• Explore familiar shapesSpace · AC9MFSP01
• Describe position and locationSpace · AC9MFSP02
• Collect, sort and compare dataStatistics · AC9MFST01

Foundation Science

• observe external features of plants and animals and describe ways they can be grouped based on these featuresScience understanding · AC9SFU01
• describe how objects move and how factors including their size, shape or material influence their movementScience understanding · AC9SFU02
• recognise that objects can be composed of different materials and describe the observable properties of those materialsScience understanding · AC9SFU03
• explore the ways people make and use observations and questions to learn about the natural worldScience as a human endeavour · AC9SFH01
• pose questions and make predictions based on experiencesScience inquiry · AC9SFI01
• engage in investigations safely and make observations using their sensesScience inquiry · AC9SFI02
• represent observations in provided templates and identify patterns with guidanceScience inquiry · AC9SFI03
• compare observations with predictions with guidanceScience inquiry · AC9SFI04
• share questions, predictions, observations and ideas with othersScience inquiry · AC9SFI05

Year 1 English

• Words, faces and gesturesLanguage · AC9E1LA01
• Explain likes and preferencesLanguage · AC9E1LA02
• How texts are organisedLanguage · AC9E1LA03
• Rhyme, rhythm and repetitionLanguage · AC9E1LA04
• Find your way around books and screensLanguage · AC9E1LA05
• Build a complete sentenceLanguage · AC9E1LA06
• Words that build a sentenceLanguage · AC9E1LA07
• How pictures add meaningLanguage · AC9E1LA08
• Learn and use topic wordsLanguage · AC9E1LA09
• Punctuation and capital lettersLanguage · AC9E1LA10
• How words and pictures tell a storyLiterature · AC9E1LE01
• Stories and me: make a connectionLiterature · AC9E1LE02
• Story detectives: characters, setting and plotLiterature · AC9E1LE03
• Sound play: rhyme and alliterationLiterature · AC9E1LE04
• Retell and adapt storiesLiterature · AC9E1LE05
• What is this text for?Literacy · AC9E1LY01
• Listen, take turns, join inLiteracy · AC9E1LY02
• Same topic, different text jobsLiteracy · AC9E1LY03
• read decodable and authentic texts using developing phonic knowledge, phrasing and fluency, and monitoring meaning using context and grammatical knowledgeLiteracy · AC9E1LY04
• Reading comprehension strategiesLiteracy · AC9E1LY05
• Writing and editing short textsLiteracy · AC9E1LY06
• Short oral and multimodal presentationsLiteracy · AC9E1LY07
• Write clear wordsLiteracy · AC9E1LY08
• segment words into separate phonemes (sounds) including consonant blends or clusters at the beginnings and ends of words (phonological awareness)Literacy · AC9E1LY09
• orally manipulate phonemes in spoken words by addition, deletion and substitution of initial, medial and final phonemes to generate new words (phonological awareness)Literacy · AC9E1LY10
• use short vowels, common long vowels, consonant blends and digraphs to write words, and blend these to read one- and two-syllable wordsLiteracy · AC9E1LY11
• understand that a letter can represent more than one sound and that a syllable must contain a vowel soundLiteracy · AC9E1LY12
• spell one- and two-syllable words with common letter patternsLiteracy · AC9E1LY13
• read and write an increasing number of high-frequency wordsLiteracy · AC9E1LY14
• recognise and know how to use grammatical morphemes to create word familiesLiteracy · AC9E1LY15

Year 1 Maths

• Numbers to 120Number · AC9M1N01
• Partitioning Tens and OnesNumber · AC9M1N02
• Skip Counting and Equal GroupsNumber · AC9M1N03
• Addition and Subtraction within 20Number · AC9M1N04
• Solve addition, subtraction and money storiesNumber · AC9M1N05
• Equal Sharing and GroupingNumber · AC9M1N06
• Skip Counting Pattern SequencesAlgebra · AC9M1A01
• Repeating PatternsAlgebra · AC9M1A02
• Compare length, mass, capacity and timeMeasurement · AC9M1M01
• Measuring Length with Informal UnitsMeasurement · AC9M1M02
• Days, weeks, months and yearsMeasurement · AC9M1M03
• Familiar Shapes and ObjectsSpace · AC9M1SP01
• Directions and LocationSpace · AC9M1SP02
• Collect and record dataStatistics · AC9M1ST01
• Show and compare dataStatistics · AC9M1ST02

Year 1 Science

• Needs of Plants and AnimalsScience understanding · AC9S1U01
• Daily and Seasonal ChangesScience understanding · AC9S1U02
• Pushes and PullsScience understanding · AC9S1U03
• Science in Daily LifeScience as a human endeavour · AC9S1H01
• Ask questions and make predictionsScience inquiry · AC9S1I01
• Investigate safelyScience inquiry · AC9S1I02
• Observe, measure and recordScience inquiry · AC9S1I03
• Sort and show science observationsScience inquiry · AC9S1I04
• Compare predictions and resultsScience inquiry · AC9S1I05
• Share your science findingsScience inquiry · AC9S1I06

Year 2 English

• investigate how interpersonal language choices vary depending on the context, including the different roles taken on in interactionsLanguage · AC9E2LA01
• explore how language can be used for appreciating texts and providing reasons for preferencesLanguage · AC9E2LA02
• identify how texts across the curriculum are organised differently and use language features depending on purposesLanguage · AC9E2LA03
• understand how texts are made cohesive by using personal and possessive pronouns and by omitting words that can be inferredLanguage · AC9E2LA04
• navigate print and screen texts using chapters, tables of contents, indexes, side-bar menus, drop-down menus or linksLanguage · AC9E2LA05
• understand that connections can be made between ideas by using a compound sentence with 2 or more independent clauses usually linked by a coordinating conjunctionLanguage · AC9E2LA06
• understand that in sentences nouns may be extended into noun groups using articles and adjectives, and verbs may be expressed as verb groupsLanguage · AC9E2LA07
• understand that images add to or multiply the meanings of a textLanguage · AC9E2LA08
• experiment with and begin to make conscious choices of vocabulary to suit the topicLanguage · AC9E2LA09
• recognise that capital letters are used in titles and commas are used to separate items in listsLanguage · AC9E2LA10
• discuss how characters and settings are connected in literature created by First Nations Australian, and wide-ranging Australian and world authors and illustratorsLiterature · AC9E2LE01
• identify features of literary texts, such as characters and settings, and give reasons for personal preferencesLiterature · AC9E2LE02
• discuss the characters and settings of a range of texts and identify how language is used to present these features in different waysLiterature · AC9E2LE03
• identify, reproduce and experiment with rhythmic sound and word patterns in poems, chants, rhymes or songsLiterature · AC9E2LE04
• create and edit literary texts by adapting structures and language features of familiar literary texts through drawing, writing, performance and digital toolsLiterature · AC9E2LE05
• identify how similar topics and information are presented in different types of textsLiteracy · AC9E2LY01
• use interaction skills when engaging with topics, actively listening to others, receiving instructions and extending own ideas, speaking appropriately, expressing and responding to opinions, making statements, and giving instructionsLiteracy · AC9E2LY02
• identify the purpose and audience of imaginative, informative and persuasive textsLiteracy · AC9E2LY03
• read texts with phrasing and fluency, using phonic and word knowledge, and monitoring meaning by re-reading and self-correctingLiteracy · AC9E2LY04
• use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, monitoring and questioning to build literal and inferred meaningLiteracy · AC9E2LY05
• create and edit short imaginative, informative and persuasive written and/or multimodal texts for familiar audiences, using text structure appropriate to purpose, simple and compound sentences, noun groups and verb groups, topic-specific vocabulary, simple punctuation and common 2-syllable wordsLiteracy · AC9E2LY06
• create, rehearse and deliver short oral and/or multimodal presentations for familiar audiences and purposes, using text structure appropriate to purpose and topic-specific vocabulary, and varying tone, volume and paceLiteracy · AC9E2LY07
• write words legibly and with growing fluency using unjoined upper-case and lower-case lettersLiteracy · AC9E2LY08
• manipulate more complex sounds in spoken words and use knowledge of blending, segmenting, phoneme deletion and phoneme substitution to read and write wordsLiteracy · AC9E2LY09
• use phoneme-grapheme (sound-letter/s) matches, including vowel digraphs, less common long vowel patterns, consonant clusters and silent letters when reading and writing words of one or more syllables, including compound wordsLiteracy · AC9E2LY10
• use knowledge of spelling patterns and morphemes to read and write words whose spelling is not completely predictable from their sounds, including high-frequency wordsLiteracy · AC9E2LY11
• build morphemic word families using knowledge of prefixes and suffixesLiteracy · AC9E2LY12

Year 2 Maths

• Numbers to 1000Number · AC9M2N01
• Partition, regroup and rename numbersNumber · AC9M2N02
• Halves, quarters and eighthsNumber · AC9M2N03
• Addition and subtraction strategiesNumber · AC9M2N04
• Equal groups, arrays and divisionNumber · AC9M2N05
• Solve practical problems with mathsNumber · AC9M2N06
• Growing and shrinking additive patternsAlgebra · AC9M2A01
• Addition facts to 20 and related subtractionAlgebra · AC9M2A02
• Twos facts, doubling and halvingAlgebra · AC9M2A03
• Measure length, capacity and massMeasurement · AC9M2M01
• Fractions in everyday lifeMeasurement · AC9M2M02
• Calendars, dates and days between eventsMeasurement · AC9M2M03
• Read analog clocksMeasurement · AC9M2M04
• Quarter, half, three-quarter and full turnsMeasurement · AC9M2M05
• Compare and classify 2D shapesSpace · AC9M2SP01
• Maps, positions and pathwaysSpace · AC9M2SP02
• Collect, sort and record dataStatistics · AC9M2ST01
• Create and compare data displaysStatistics · AC9M2ST02

Year 2 Science

• recognise Earth is a planet in the solar system and identify patterns in the changing position of the sun, moon, planets and stars in the skyScience understanding · AC9S2U01
• explore different actions to make sounds and how to make a variety of sounds, and recognise that sound energy causes objects to vibrateScience understanding · AC9S2U02
• recognise that materials can be changed physically without changing their material composition and explore the effect of different actions on materials including bending, twisting, stretching and breaking into smaller piecesScience understanding · AC9S2U03
• describe how people use science in their daily lives, including using patterns to make scientific predictionsScience as a human endeavour · AC9S2H01
• pose questions to explore observed simple patterns and relationships and make predictions based on experiencesScience inquiry · AC9S2I01
• suggest and follow safe procedures to investigate questions and test predictionsScience inquiry · AC9S2I02
• make and record observations, including informal measurements, using digital tools as appropriateScience inquiry · AC9S2I03
• sort and order data and information and represent patterns, including with provided tables and visual or physical modelsScience inquiry · AC9S2I04
• compare observations with predictions and others’ observations, consider if investigations are fair and identify further questions with guidanceScience inquiry · AC9S2I05
• write and create texts to communicate observations, findings and ideas, using everyday and scientific vocabularyScience inquiry · AC9S2I06

Year 3 English

• understand that cooperation with others depends on shared understanding of social conventions, including turn-taking language, which vary according to the degree of formalityLanguage · AC9E3LA01
• understand how the language of evaluation and emotion, such as modal verbs, can be varied to be more or less forcefulLanguage · AC9E3LA02
• describe how texts across the curriculum use different language features and structures relevant to their purposeLanguage · AC9E3LA03
• understand that paragraphs are a key organisational feature of the stages of written texts, grouping related information togetherLanguage · AC9E3LA04
• identify the purpose of layout features in print and digital texts and the words used for navigationLanguage · AC9E3LA05
• understand that a clause is a unit of grammar usually containing a subject and a verb that need to agreeLanguage · AC9E3LA06
• understand how verbs represent different processes for doing, feeling, thinking, saying and relatingLanguage · AC9E3LA07
• understand that verbs are anchored in time through tenseLanguage · AC9E3LA08
• identify how images extend the meaning of a textLanguage · AC9E3LA09
• extend topic-specific and technical vocabulary and know that words can have different meanings in different contextsLanguage · AC9E3LA10
• understand that apostrophes signal missing letters in contractions, and apostrophes are used to show singular and plural possessionLanguage · AC9E3LA11
• discuss characters, events and settings in different contexts in literature by First Nations Australian, and wide-ranging Australian and world authors and illustratorsLiterature · AC9E3LE01
• discuss connections between personal experiences and character experiences in literary texts and share personal preferencesLiterature · AC9E3LE02
• discuss how an author uses language and illustrations to portray characters and settings in texts, and explore how the settings and events influence the mood of the narrativeLiterature · AC9E3LE03
• discuss the effects of some literary devices used to enhance meaning and shape the reader’s reaction, including rhythm and onomatopoeia in poetry and proseLiterature · AC9E3LE04
• create and edit imaginative texts, using or adapting language features, characters, settings, plot structures and ideas encountered in literary textsLiterature · AC9E3LE05
• recognise how texts can be created for similar purposes but different audiencesLiteracy · AC9E3LY01
• use interaction skills to contribute to conversations and discussions to share information and ideasLiteracy · AC9E3LY02
• identify the audience and purpose of imaginative, informative and persuasive texts through their use of language features and/or imagesLiteracy · AC9E3LY03
• read a range of texts using phonic, semantic and grammatical knowledge to read accurately and fluently, re-reading and self-correcting when requiredLiteracy · AC9E3LY04
• use comprehension strategies when listening and viewing to build literal and inferred meaning, and begin to evaluate texts by drawing on a growing knowledge of context, text structures and language featuresLiteracy · AC9E3LY05
• plan, create, edit and publish imaginative, informative and persuasive written and multimodal texts, using visual features, appropriate form and layout, with ideas grouped in simple paragraphs, mostly correct tense, topic-specific vocabulary and correct spelling of most high-frequency and phonetically regular wordsLiteracy · AC9E3LY06
• plan, create, rehearse and deliver short oral and/or multimodal presentations to inform, express opinions or tell stories, using a clear structure, details to elaborate ideas, topic-specific and precise vocabulary, visual features, and appropriate tone, pace, pitch and volumeLiteracy · AC9E3LY07
• write words using joined letters that are clearly formed and consistent in sizeLiteracy · AC9E3LY08
• understand how to apply knowledge of phoneme-grapheme (sound-letter) relationships, syllables, and blending and segmenting to fluently read and write multisyllabic words with more complex letter patternsLiteracy · AC9E3LY09
• understand how to apply knowledge of common base words, prefixes, suffixes and generalisations for adding a suffix to a base word to read and comprehend new multimorphemic wordsLiteracy · AC9E3LY10
• use phoneme-grapheme (sound-letter) relationships and less common letter patterns to spell wordsLiteracy · AC9E3LY11
• recognise and know how to write most high-frequency words including some homophonesLiteracy · AC9E3LY12

Year 3 Maths

• Numbers beyond 10 000Number · AC9M3N01
• Unit fractions and multiplesNumber · AC9M3N02
• Add and subtract two- and three-digit numbersNumber · AC9M3N03
• Multiplication and division strategiesNumber · AC9M3N04
• Estimation and reasonable answersNumber · AC9M3N05
• Model practical and money problemsNumber · AC9M3N06
• Number algorithms and patternsNumber · AC9M3N07
• Addition and subtraction connectionsAlgebra · AC9M3A01
• Efficient mental addition and subtractionAlgebra · AC9M3A02
• Facts for 3, 4, 5 and 10Algebra · AC9M3A03
• Choose metric units and make estimatesMeasurement · AC9M3M01
• Measure length, mass and capacityMeasurement · AC9M3M02
• Estimate and compare durationsMeasurement · AC9M3M03
• Tell time to the nearest minuteMeasurement · AC9M3M04
• Angles as turnsMeasurement · AC9M3M05
• Dollars, cents and equal money valuesMeasurement · AC9M3M06
• Make, compare and classify objectsSpace · AC9M3SP01
• Maps, plans and relative positionSpace · AC9M3SP02
• Collect and record useful dataStatistics · AC9M3ST01
• Create, compare and interpret graphsStatistics · AC9M3ST02
• Carry out a guided statistical investigationStatistics · AC9M3ST03
• Chance, outcomes and likelihoodProbability · AC9M3P01
• Repeat chance experiments and compare resultsProbability · AC9M3P02

Year 3 Science

• compare characteristics of living and non-living things and examine the differences between the life cycles of plants and animalsScience understanding · AC9S3U01
• compare the observable properties of soils, rocks and minerals and investigate why they are important Earth resourcesScience understanding · AC9S3U02
• identify sources of heat energy and examine how temperature changes when heat energy is transferred from one object to anotherScience understanding · AC9S3U03
• investigate the observable properties of solids and liquids and how adding or removing heat energy leads to a change of stateScience understanding · AC9S3U04
• examine how people use data to develop scientific explanationsScience as a human endeavour · AC9S3H01
• consider how people use scientific explanations to meet a need or solve a problemScience as a human endeavour · AC9S3H02
• pose questions to explore observed patterns and relationships and make predictions based on observationsScience inquiry · AC9S3I01
• use provided scaffolds to plan and conduct investigations to answer questions or test predictions, including identifying the elements of fair tests, and considering the safe use of materials and equipmentScience inquiry · AC9S3I02
• follow procedures to make and record observations, including making formal measurements using familiar scaled instruments and using digital tools as appropriateScience inquiry · AC9S3I03
• construct and use representations, including tables, simple column graphs and visual or physical models, to organise data and information, show simple relationships and identify patternsScience inquiry · AC9S3I04
• compare findings with those of others, consider if investigations were fair, identify questions for further investigation and draw conclusionsScience inquiry · AC9S3I05
• write and create texts to communicate findings and ideas for identified purposes and audiences, using scientific vocabulary and digital tools as appropriateScience inquiry · AC9S3I06

Year 4 English

• explore language used to develop relationships in formal and informal situationsLanguage · AC9E4LA01
• identify the subjective language of opinion and feeling, and the objective language of factual reportingLanguage · AC9E4LA02
• identify how texts across the curriculum have different language features and are typically organised into characteristic stages depending on purposesLanguage · AC9E4LA03
• identify how text connectives including temporal and conditional words, and topic word associations are used to sequence and connect ideasLanguage · AC9E4LA04
• identify text navigation features of online texts that enhance readability including headlines, drop-down menus, links, graphics and layoutLanguage · AC9E4LA05
• understand that complex sentences contain one independent clause and at least one dependent clause typically joined by a subordinating conjunction to create relationships, such as time and causalityLanguage · AC9E4LA06
• investigate how quoted (direct) and reported (indirect) speech are usedLanguage · AC9E4LA07
• understand how adverb groups/phrases and prepositional phrases work in different ways to provide circumstantial details about an activityLanguage · AC9E4LA08
• understand past, present and future tenses and their impact on meaning in a sentenceLanguage · AC9E4LA09
• explore the effect of choices when framing an image, placement of elements in the image and salience on composition of still and moving images in textsLanguage · AC9E4LA10
• expand vocabulary by exploring a range of synonyms and antonyms, and using words encountered in a range of sourcesLanguage · AC9E4LA11
• understand that punctuation signals dialogue through quotation marks and that dialogue follows conventions for the use of capital letters, commas and boundary punctuationLanguage · AC9E4LA12
• recognise similar storylines, ideas and relationships in different contexts in literary texts by First Nations Australian, and wide-ranging Australian and world authorsLiterature · AC9E4LE01
• describe the effects of text structures and language features in literary texts when responding to and sharing opinionsLiterature · AC9E4LE02
• discuss how authors and illustrators make stories engaging by the way they develop character, setting and plot tensionsLiterature · AC9E4LE03
• examine the use of literary devices and deliberate word play in literary texts, including poetry, to shape meaningLiterature · AC9E4LE04
• create and edit literary texts by developing storylines, characters and settingsLiterature · AC9E4LE05
• compare texts from different times with similar purposes and audiences to identify similarities and differences in their depictions of eventsLiteracy · AC9E4LY01
• listen for key points and information to carry out tasks and contribute to discussions, acknowledging another opinion, linking a response to the topic, and sharing and extending ideas and informationLiteracy · AC9E4LY02
• identify the characteristic features used in imaginative, informative and persuasive texts to meet the purpose of the textLiteracy · AC9E4LY03
• read different types of texts, integrating phonic, semantic and grammatical knowledge to read accurately and fluently, re-reading and self-correcting when neededLiteracy · AC9E4LY04
• use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, monitoring and questioning to build literal and inferred meaning, to expand topic knowledge and ideas, and evaluate textsLiteracy · AC9E4LY05
• plan, create, edit and publish written and multimodal imaginative, informative and persuasive texts, using visual features, relevant linked ideas, complex sentences, appropriate tense, synonyms and antonyms, correct spelling of multisyllabic words and simple punctuationLiteracy · AC9E4LY06
• plan, create, rehearse and deliver structured oral and/or multimodal presentations to report on a topic, tell a story, recount events or present an argument using subjective and objective language, complex sentences, visual features, tone, pace, pitch and volumeLiteracy · AC9E4LY07
• write words using clearly formed joined letters, with developing fluency and automaticityLiteracy · AC9E4LY08
• understand how to use and apply phonological and morphological knowledge to read and write multisyllabic words with more complex letter combinations, including a variety of vowel sounds and known prefixes and suffixesLiteracy · AC9E4LY09
• understand how to use knowledge of letter patterns, including double letters, spelling generalisations, morphological word families, common prefixes and suffixes, and word origins, to spell more complex wordsLiteracy · AC9E4LY10
• read and write high-frequency words including homophones and know how to use context to identify correct spellingLiteracy · AC9E4LY11

Year 4 Maths

• Decimal place valueNumber · AC9M4N01
• Odd and even number patternsNumber · AC9M4N02
• Equivalent fractions and decimalsNumber · AC9M4N03
• Count and locate fractionsNumber · AC9M4N04
• Multiply and divide by multiples of tenNumber · AC9M4N05
• Choose efficient calculation strategiesNumber · AC9M4N06
• Estimate and check calculationsNumber · AC9M4N07
• Model practical and financial problemsNumber · AC9M4N08
• Follow and create number algorithmsNumber · AC9M4N09
• Find unknown numbers in equationsAlgebra · AC9M4A01
• Multiplication facts and mental strategiesAlgebra · AC9M4A02
• Read scales and measure accuratelyMeasurement · AC9M4M01
• Measure perimeter and areaMeasurement · AC9M4M02
• Duration and units of timeMeasurement · AC9M4M03
• estimate and compare angles using angle names including acute, obtuse, straight angle, reflex and revolution, and recognise their relationship to a right angleMeasurement · AC9M4M04
• represent and approximate composite shapes and objects in the environment, using combinations of familiar shapes and objectsSpace · AC9M4SP01
• create and interpret grid reference systems using grid references and directions to locate and describe positions and pathwaysSpace · AC9M4SP02
• recognise line and rotational symmetry of shapes and create symmetrical patterns and pictures, using dynamic geometric software where appropriateSpace · AC9M4SP03
• acquire data for categorical and discrete numerical variables to address a question of interest or purpose, using digital tools; represent data using many-to-one pictographs, column graphs and other displays or visualisations; interpret and discuss the information that has been createdStatistics · AC9M4ST01
• analyse the effectiveness of different displays or visualisations in illustrating and comparing data distributions, then discuss the shape of distributions and the variation in the dataStatistics · AC9M4ST02
• conduct statistical investigations, collecting data through survey responses and other methods; record and display data using digital tools; interpret the data and communicate the resultsStatistics · AC9M4ST03
• describe possible everyday events and the possible outcomes of chance experiments and order outcomes or events based on their likelihood of occurring; identify independent or dependent eventsProbability · AC9M4P01
• conduct repeated chance experiments to observe relationships between outcomes; identify and describe the variation in resultsProbability · AC9M4P02

Year 4 Science

• explain the roles and interactions of consumers, producers and decomposers within a habitat and how food chains represent feeding relationshipsScience understanding · AC9S4U01
• identify sources of water and describe key processes in the water cycle, including movement of water through the sky, landscape and ocean; precipitation; evaporation; and condensationScience understanding · AC9S4U02
• identify how forces can be exerted by one object on another and investigate the effect of frictional, gravitational and magnetic forces on the motion of objectsScience understanding · AC9S4U03
• examine the properties of natural and made materials including fibres, metals, glass and plastics and consider how these properties influence their useScience understanding · AC9S4U04
• examine how people use data to develop scientific explanationsScience as a human endeavour · AC9S4H01
• consider how people use scientific explanations to meet a need or solve a problemScience as a human endeavour · AC9S4H02
• pose questions to explore observed patterns and relationships and make predictions based on observationsScience inquiry · AC9S4I01
• use provided scaffolds to plan and conduct investigations to answer questions or test predictions, including identifying the elements of fair tests, and considering the safe use of materials and equipmentScience inquiry · AC9S4I02
• follow procedures to make and record observations, including making formal measurements using familiar scaled instruments and using digital tools as appropriateScience inquiry · AC9S4I03
• construct and use representations, including tables, simple column graphs and visual or physical models, to organise data and information, show simple relationships and identify patternsScience inquiry · AC9S4I04
• compare findings with those of others, consider if investigations were fair, identify questions for further investigation and draw conclusionsScience inquiry · AC9S4I05
• write and create texts to communicate findings and ideas for identified purposes and audiences, using scientific vocabulary and digital tools as appropriateScience inquiry · AC9S4I06

Year 5 English

• understand that language is selected for social contexts and that it helps to signal social roles and relationshipsLanguage · AC9E5LA01
• understand how to move beyond making bare assertions by taking account of differing ideas or opinions and authoritative sourcesLanguage · AC9E5LA02
• describe how spoken, written and multimodal texts use language features and are typically organised into characteristic stages and phases, depending on purposes in textsLanguage · AC9E5LA03
• understand how texts can be made cohesive by using the starting point of a sentence or paragraph to give prominence to the message and to guide the reader through the textLanguage · AC9E5LA04
• understand that the structure of a complex sentence includes a main clause and at least one dependent clause, and understand how writers can use this structure for effectLanguage · AC9E5LA05
• understand how noun groups can be expanded in a variety of ways to provide a fuller description of a person, place, thing or ideaLanguage · AC9E5LA06
• explain how the sequence of images in print, digital and film texts has an effect on meaningLanguage · AC9E5LA07
• understand how vocabulary is used to express greater precision of meaning, including through the use of specialist and technical terms, and explore the history of wordsLanguage · AC9E5LA08
• use commas to indicate prepositional phrases, and apostrophes where there is multiple possessionLanguage · AC9E5LA09
• identify aspects of literary texts that represent details or information about historical, social and cultural contexts in literature by First Nations Australian, and wide-ranging Australian and world authorsLiterature · AC9E5LE01
• present an opinion on a literary text using specific terms about literary devices, text structures and language features, and reflect on the viewpoints of othersLiterature · AC9E5LE02
• recognise that the point of view in a literary text influences how readers interpret and respond to events and charactersLiterature · AC9E5LE03
• examine the effects of imagery, including simile, metaphor and personification, and sound devices in narratives, poetry and songsLiterature · AC9E5LE04
• create and edit literary texts, experimenting with figurative language, storylines, characters and settings from texts students have experiencedLiterature · AC9E5LE05
• describe the ways in which a text reflects the time and place in which it was createdLiteracy · AC9E5LY01
• use appropriate interaction skills including paraphrasing and questioning to clarify meaning, make connections to own experience, and present and justify an opinion or ideaLiteracy · AC9E5LY02
• explain characteristic features used in imaginative, informative and persuasive texts to meet the purpose of the textLiteracy · AC9E5LY03
• navigate and read texts for specific purposes, monitoring meaning using strategies such as skimming, scanning and confirmingLiteracy · AC9E5LY04
• use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, monitoring and questioning to build literal and inferred meaning to evaluate information and ideasLiteracy · AC9E5LY05
• plan, create, edit and publish written and multimodal texts whose purposes may be imaginative, informative and persuasive, developing ideas using visual features, text structure appropriate to the topic and purpose, text connectives, expanded noun groups, specialist and technical vocabulary, and punctuation including dialogue punctuationLiteracy · AC9E5LY06
• plan, create, rehearse and deliver spoken and multimodal presentations that include relevant, elaborated ideas, sequencing ideas and using complex sentences, specialist and technical vocabulary, pitch, tone, pace, volume, and visual and digital featuresLiteracy · AC9E5LY07
• use phonic, morphemic and vocabulary knowledge to read and spell words that share common letter patterns but have different pronunciationsLiteracy · AC9E5LY08
• build and spell new words from knowledge of known words, base words, prefixes and suffixes, word origins, letter patterns and spelling generalisationsLiteracy · AC9E5LY09
• explore less common plurals, and understand how a suffix changes the meaning or grammatical form of a wordLiteracy · AC9E5LY10

Year 5 Maths

• Decimals beyond hundredthsNumber · AC9M5N01
• Factors, multiples and divisibilityNumber · AC9M5N02
• Comparing and ordering fractionsNumber · AC9M5N03
• Percentages, fractions and decimalsNumber · AC9M5N04
• Adding and subtracting fractionsNumber · AC9M5N05
• Multiplying larger numbersNumber · AC9M5N06
• Division and remaindersNumber · AC9M5N07
• Estimation and reasonablenessNumber · AC9M5N08
• Solving practical problems with modelsNumber · AC9M5N09
• Algorithms for factors and multiplesNumber · AC9M5N10
• Multiplication and division fact familiesAlgebra · AC9M5A01
• Unknown values in multiplication and divisionAlgebra · AC9M5A02
• Choosing metric units and measuring accuratelyMeasurement · AC9M5M01
• Perimeter and area of regular and irregular shapesMeasurement · AC9M5M02
• 12-hour and 24-hour timeMeasurement · AC9M5M03
• Estimating, measuring and constructing anglesMeasurement · AC9M5M04
• Nets and 3D objectsSpace · AC9M5SP01
• Grid coordinates and movementSpace · AC9M5SP02
• Translations, reflections and rotationsSpace · AC9M5SP03
• Collecting, displaying and describing dataStatistics · AC9M5ST01
• Interpreting line graphsStatistics · AC9M5ST02
• Planning a statistical investigationStatistics · AC9M5ST03
• Equally and unequally likely outcomesProbability · AC9M5P01
• Repeated chance experimentsProbability · AC9M5P02

Year 5 Science

• examine how particular structural features and behaviours of living things enable their survival in specific habitatsScience understanding · AC9S5U01
• describe how weathering, erosion, transportation and deposition cause slow or rapid change to Earth’s surfaceScience understanding · AC9S5U02
• identify sources of light, recognise that light travels in a straight path and describe how shadows are formed and light can be reflected and refractedScience understanding · AC9S5U03
• explain observable properties of solids, liquids and gases by modelling the motion and arrangement of particlesScience understanding · AC9S5U04
• examine why advances in science are often the result of collaboration or build on the work of othersScience as a human endeavour · AC9S5H01
• investigate how scientific knowledge is used by individuals and communities to identify problems, consider responses and make decisionsScience as a human endeavour · AC9S5H02
• pose investigable questions to identify patterns and test relationships and make reasoned predictionsScience inquiry · AC9S5I01
• plan and conduct repeatable investigations to answer questions, including, as appropriate, deciding the variables to be changed, measured and controlled in fair tests; describing potential risks; planning for the safe use of equipment and materials; and identifying required permissions to conduct investigations on Country/PlaceScience inquiry · AC9S5I02
• use equipment to observe, measure and record data with reasonable precision, using digital tools as appropriateScience inquiry · AC9S5I03
• construct and use appropriate representations, including tables, graphs and visual or physical models, to organise and process data and information and describe patterns, trends and relationshipsScience inquiry · AC9S5I04
• compare methods and findings with those of others, recognise possible sources of error, pose questions for further investigation and select evidence to draw reasoned conclusionsScience inquiry · AC9S5I05
• write and create texts to communicate ideas and findings for specific purposes and audiences, including selection of language features, using digital tools as appropriateScience inquiry · AC9S5I06

Year 6 English

• understand that language varies as levels of formality and social distance increaseLanguage · AC9E6LA01
• understand the uses of objective and subjective language, and identify biasLanguage · AC9E6LA02
• explain how texts across the curriculum are typically organised into characteristic stages and phases depending on purposes, recognising how authors often adapt text structures and language featuresLanguage · AC9E6LA03
• understand that cohesion can be created by the intentional use of repetition, and the use of word associationsLanguage · AC9E6LA04
• understand how embedded clauses can expand the variety of complex sentences to elaborate, extend and explain ideasLanguage · AC9E6LA05
• understand how ideas can be expanded and sharpened through careful choice of verbs, elaborated tenses and a range of adverb groupsLanguage · AC9E6LA06
• identify and explain how images, figures, tables, diagrams, maps and graphs contribute to meaningLanguage · AC9E6LA07
• identify authors’ use of vivid, emotive vocabulary, such as metaphors, similes, personification, idioms, imagery and hyperboleLanguage · AC9E6LA08
• understand how to use the comma for lists, to separate a dependent clause from an independent clause, and in dialogueLanguage · AC9E6LA09
• identify responses to characters and events in literary texts, drawn from historical, social or cultural contexts, by First Nations Australian, and wide-ranging Australian and world authorsLiterature · AC9E6LE01
• identify similarities and differences in literary texts on similar topics, themes or plotsLiterature · AC9E6LE02
• identify and explain characteristics that define an author's individual styleLiterature · AC9E6LE03
• explain the way authors use sound and imagery to create meaning and effect in poetryLiterature · AC9E6LE04
• create and edit literary texts that adapt plot structure, characters, settings and/or ideas from texts students have experienced, and experiment with literary devicesLiterature · AC9E6LE05
• examine texts including media texts that represent ideas and events, and identify how they reflect the context in which they were createdLiteracy · AC9E6LY01
• use interaction skills and awareness of formality when paraphrasing, questioning, clarifying and interrogating ideas, developing and supporting arguments, and sharing and evaluating information, experiences and opinionsLiteracy · AC9E6LY02
• analyse how text structures and language features work together to meet the purpose of a text, and engage and influence audiencesLiteracy · AC9E6LY03
• select, navigate and read texts for a range of purposes, monitoring meaning and evaluating the use of structural features; for example, table of contents, glossary, chapters, headings and subheadingsLiteracy · AC9E6LY04
• use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, monitoring and questioning to build literal and inferred meaning, and to connect and compare content from a variety of sourcesLiteracy · AC9E6LY05
• plan, create, edit and publish written and multimodal texts whose purposes may be imaginative, informative and persuasive, using paragraphs, a variety of complex sentences, expanded verb groups, tense, topic-specific and vivid vocabulary, punctuation, spelling and visual featuresLiteracy · AC9E6LY06
• plan, create, rehearse and deliver spoken and multimodal presentations that include information, arguments and details that develop a theme or idea, organising ideas using precise topic-specific and technical vocabulary, pitch, tone, pace, volume, and visual and digital featuresLiteracy · AC9E6LY07
• use phonic knowledge of common and less common grapheme-phoneme relationships to read and write increasingly complex wordsLiteracy · AC9E6LY08
• use knowledge of known words, word origins including some Latin and Greek roots, base words, prefixes, suffixes, letter patterns and spelling generalisations to spell new words including technical wordsLiteracy · AC9E6LY09

Year 6 Maths

• recognise situations, including financial contexts, that use integers; locate and represent integers on a number line and as coordinates on the Cartesian planeNumber · AC9M6N01
• identify and describe the properties of prime, composite and square numbers and use these properties to solve problems and simplify calculationsNumber · AC9M6N02
• apply knowledge of equivalence to compare, order and represent common fractions including halves, thirds and quarters on the same number line and justify their orderNumber · AC9M6N03
• apply knowledge of place value to add and subtract decimals, using digital tools where appropriate; use estimation and rounding to check the reasonableness of answersNumber · AC9M6N04
• solve problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions using knowledge of equivalent fractionsNumber · AC9M6N05
• multiply and divide decimals by multiples of powers of 10 without a calculator, applying knowledge of place value and proficiency with multiplication facts; using estimation and rounding to check the reasonableness of answersNumber · AC9M6N06
• solve problems that require finding a familiar fraction, decimal or percentage of a quantity, including percentage discounts, choosing efficient calculation strategies and using digital tools where appropriateNumber · AC9M6N07
• approximate numerical solutions to problems involving rational numbers and percentages, including financial contexts, using appropriate estimation strategiesNumber · AC9M6N08
• use mathematical modelling to solve practical problems involving natural and rational numbers and percentages, including in financial contexts; formulate the problems, choosing operations and efficient calculation strategies, and using digital tools where appropriate; interpret and communicate solutions in terms of the situation, justifying the choices madeNumber · AC9M6N09
• recognise and use rules that generate visually growing patterns and number patterns involving rational numbersAlgebra · AC9M6A01
• find unknown values in numerical equations involving brackets and combinations of arithmetic operations, using the properties of numbers and operationsAlgebra · AC9M6A02
• create and use algorithms involving a sequence of steps and decisions that use rules to generate sets of numbers; identify, interpret and explain emerging patternsAlgebra · AC9M6A03
• convert between common metric units of length, mass and capacity; choose and use decimal representations of metric measurements relevant to the context of a problemMeasurement · AC9M6M01
• establish the formula for the area of a rectangle and use it to solve practical problemsMeasurement · AC9M6M02
• interpret and use timetables and itineraries to plan activities and determine the duration of events and journeysMeasurement · AC9M6M03
• identify the relationships between angles on a straight line, angles at a point and vertically opposite angles; use these to determine unknown angles, communicating reasoningMeasurement · AC9M6M04
• Year 6 Maths: Parallel Cross-sections of ObjectsSpace · AC9M6SP01
• locate points in the 4 quadrants of a Cartesian plane; describe changes to the coordinates when a point is moved to a different position in the planeSpace · AC9M6SP02
• recognise and use combinations of transformations to create tessellations and other geometric patterns, using dynamic geometric software where appropriateSpace · AC9M6SP03
• interpret and compare data sets for ordinal and nominal categorical, discrete and continuous numerical variables using comparative displays or visualisations and digital tools; compare distributions in terms of mode, range and shapeStatistics · AC9M6ST01
• identify statistically informed arguments presented in traditional and digital media; discuss and critique methods, data representations and conclusionsStatistics · AC9M6ST02
• plan and conduct statistical investigations by posing and refining questions or identifying a problem and collecting relevant data; analyse and interpret the data and communicate findings within the context of the investigationStatistics · AC9M6ST03
• recognise that probabilities lie on numerical scales of 0 - 1 or 0% - 100% and use estimation to assign probabilities that events occur in a given context, using common fractions, percentages and decimalsProbability · AC9M6P01
• conduct repeated chance experiments and run simulations with an increasing number of trials using digital tools; compare observations with expected results and discuss the effect on variation of increasing the number of trialsProbability · AC9M6P02

Year 6 Science

• investigate the physical conditions of a habitat and analyse how the growth and survival of living things is affected by changing physical conditionsScience understanding · AC9S6U01
• describe the movement of Earth and other planets relative to the sun and model how Earth’s tilt, rotation on its axis and revolution around the sun relate to cyclic observable phenomena, including variable day and night lengthScience understanding · AC9S6U02
• investigate the transfer and transformation of energy in electrical circuits, including the role of circuit components, insulators and conductorsScience understanding · AC9S6U03
• compare reversible changes, including dissolving and changes of state, and irreversible changes, including cooking and rusting that produce new substancesScience understanding · AC9S6U04
• examine why advances in science are often the result of collaboration or build on the work of othersScience as a human endeavour · AC9S6H01
• investigate how scientific knowledge is used by individuals and communities to identify problems, consider responses and make decisionsScience as a human endeavour · AC9S6H02
• pose investigable questions to identify patterns and test relationships and make reasoned predictionsScience inquiry · AC9S6I01
• plan and conduct repeatable investigations to answer questions including, as appropriate, deciding the variables to be changed, measured and controlled in fair tests; describing potential risks; planning for the safe use of equipment and materials; and identifying required permissions to conduct investigations on Country/PlaceScience inquiry · AC9S6I02
• use equipment to observe, measure and record data with reasonable precision, using digital tools as appropriateScience inquiry · AC9S6I03
• construct and use appropriate representations, including tables, graphs and visual or physical models, to organise and process data and information and describe patterns, trends and relationshipsScience inquiry · AC9S6I04
• compare methods and findings with those of others, recognise possible sources of error, pose questions for further investigation and select evidence to draw reasoned conclusionsScience inquiry · AC9S6I05
• write and create texts to communicate ideas and findings for specific purposes and audiences, including selection of language features, using digital tools as appropriateScience inquiry · AC9S6I06

Year 7 English

• understand how language expresses and creates personal and social identitiesLanguage · AC9E7LA01
• recognise language used to evaluate texts including visual and multimodal texts, and how evaluations of a text can be substantiated by reference to the text and other sourcesLanguage · AC9E7LA02
• identify and describe how texts are structured differently depending on their purpose and how language features vary in textsLanguage · AC9E7LA03
• understand that the cohesion of texts relies on devices that signal structure and guide readers, such as overviews and initial and concluding paragraphsLanguage · AC9E7LA04
• understand how complex and compound-complex sentences can be used to elaborate, extend and explain ideasLanguage · AC9E7LA05
• understand how consistency of tense through verbs and verb groups achieves clarity in sentencesLanguage · AC9E7LA06
• Year 7 English: Perspective in Visual TextsLanguage · AC9E7LA07
• investigate the role of vocabulary in building specialist and technical knowledge, including terms that have both everyday and technical meaningsLanguage · AC9E7LA08
• understand the use of punctuation including colons and brackets to support meaningLanguage · AC9E7LA09
• identify and explore ideas, points of view, characters, events and/or issues in literary texts, drawn from historical, social and/or cultural contexts, by First Nations Australian, and wide-ranging Australian and world authorsLiterature · AC9E7LE01
• form an opinion about characters, settings and events in texts, identifying areas of agreement and difference with others’ opinions and justifying a responseLiterature · AC9E7LE02
• explain the ways that literary devices and language features such as dialogue, and images are used to create character, and to influence emotions and opinions in different types of textsLiterature · AC9E7LE03
• discuss the aesthetic and social value of literary texts using relevant and appropriate metalanguageLiterature · AC9E7LE04
• identify and explain the ways that characters, settings and events combine to create meaning in narrativesLiterature · AC9E7LE05
• identify and explain how literary devices create layers of meaning in texts including poetryLiterature · AC9E7LE06
• create and edit literary texts that experiment with language features and literary devices encountered in textsLiterature · AC9E7LE07
• explain the effect of current technology on reading, creating and responding to texts including media textsLiteracy · AC9E7LY01
• use interaction skills when discussing and presenting ideas and information including evaluations of the features of spoken textsLiteracy · AC9E7LY02
• analyse the ways in which language features shape meaning and vary according to audience and purposeLiteracy · AC9E7LY03
• explain the structure of ideas such as the use of taxonomies, cause and effect, extended metaphors and chronologyLiteracy · AC9E7LY04
• use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, monitoring, questioning and inferring to analyse and summarise information and ideasLiteracy · AC9E7LY05
• plan, create, edit and publish written and multimodal texts, selecting subject matter, and using text structures, language features, literary devices and visual features as appropriate to convey information, ideas and opinions in ways that may be imaginative, reflective, informative, persuasive and/or analyticalLiteracy · AC9E7LY06
• plan, create, rehearse and deliver presentations for purposes and audiences in ways that may be imaginative, reflective, informative, persuasive and/or analytical, by selecting text structures, language features, literary devices and visual features, and using features of voice including volume, tone, pitch and paceLiteracy · AC9E7LY07
• understand how to use spelling rules and word origins; for example, Greek and Latin roots, base words, suffixes, prefixes and spelling patterns to learn new words and how to spell themLiteracy · AC9E7LY08

Year 7 Maths

• describe the relationship between perfect square numbers and square roots, and use squares of numbers and square roots of perfect square numbers to solve problemsNumber · AC9M7N01
• represent natural numbers as products of powers of prime numbers using exponent notationNumber · AC9M7N02
• represent natural numbers in expanded notation using place value and powers of 10Number · AC9M7N03
• find equivalent representations of rational numbers and represent rational numbers on a number lineNumber · AC9M7N04
• round decimals to a given accuracy appropriate to the context and use appropriate rounding and estimation to check the reasonableness of solutionsNumber · AC9M7N05
• use the 4 operations with positive rational numbers including fractions, decimals and percentages to solve problems using efficient calculation strategiesNumber · AC9M7N06
• compare, order and solve problems involving addition and subtraction of integersNumber · AC9M7N07
• recognise, represent and solve problems involving ratiosNumber · AC9M7N08
• use mathematical modelling to solve practical problems, involving rational numbers and percentages, including financial contexts; formulate problems, choosing representations and efficient calculation strategies, using digital tools as appropriate; interpret and communicate solutions in terms of the situation, justifying choices made about the representationNumber · AC9M7N09
• recognise and use variables to represent everyday formulas algebraically and substitute values into formulas to determine an unknownAlgebra · AC9M7A01
• formulate algebraic expressions using constants, variables, operations and bracketsAlgebra · AC9M7A02
• solve one-variable linear equations with natural number solutions; verify the solution by substitutionAlgebra · AC9M7A03
• describe relationships between variables represented in graphs of functions from authentic dataAlgebra · AC9M7A04
• generate tables of values from visually growing patterns or the rule of a function; describe and plot these relationships on the Cartesian planeAlgebra · AC9M7A05
• manipulate formulas involving several variables using digital tools, and describe the effect of systematic variation in the values of the variablesAlgebra · AC9M7A06
• solve problems involving the area of triangles and parallelograms using established formulas and appropriate unitsMeasurement · AC9M7M01
• solve problems involving the volume of right prisms including rectangular and triangular prisms, using established formulas and appropriate unitsMeasurement · AC9M7M02
• describe the relationship between π and the features of circles including the circumference, radius and diameterMeasurement · AC9M7M03
• identify corresponding, alternate and co-interior relationships between angles formed when parallel lines are crossed by a transversal; use them to solve problems and explain reasonsMeasurement · AC9M7M04
• demonstrate that the interior angle sum of a triangle in the plane is 180° and apply this to determine the interior angle sum of other shapes and the size of unknown anglesMeasurement · AC9M7M05
• use mathematical modelling to solve practical problems involving ratios; formulate problems, interpret and communicate solutions in terms of the situation, justifying choices made about the representationMeasurement · AC9M7M06
• represent objects in 2 dimensions; discuss and reason about the advantages and disadvantages of different representationsSpace · AC9M7SP01
• classify triangles, quadrilaterals and other polygons according to their side and angle properties; identify and reason about relationshipsSpace · AC9M7SP02
• describe transformations of a set of points using coordinates in the Cartesian plane, translations and reflections on an axis, and rotations about a given pointSpace · AC9M7SP03
• design and create algorithms involving a sequence of steps and decisions that will sort and classify sets of shapes according to their attributes, and describe how the algorithms workSpace · AC9M7SP04
• acquire data sets for discrete and continuous numerical variables and calculate the range, median, mean and mode; make and justify decisions about which measures of central tendency provide useful insights into the nature of the distribution of dataStatistics · AC9M7ST01
• create different types of numerical data displays including stem-and-leaf plots using software where appropriate; describe and compare the distribution of data, commenting on the shape, centre and spread including outliers and determining the range, median, mean and modeStatistics · AC9M7ST02
• plan and conduct statistical investigations involving data for discrete and continuous numerical variables; analyse and interpret distributions of data and report findings in terms of shape and summary statisticsStatistics · AC9M7ST03
• identify the sample space for single-stage events; assign probabilities to the outcomes of these events and predict relative frequencies for related eventsProbability · AC9M7P01
• conduct repeated chance experiments and run simulations with a large number of trials using digital tools; compare predictions about outcomes with observed results, explaining the differencesProbability · AC9M7P02

Year 7 Science

• investigate the role of classification in ordering and organising the diversity of life on Earth and use and develop classification tools including dichotomous keysScience understanding · AC9S7U01
• use models, including food webs, to represent matter and energy flow in ecosystems and predict the impact of changing abiotic and biotic factors on populationsScience understanding · AC9S7U02
• model cyclic changes in the relative positions of the Earth, sun and moon and explain how these cycles cause eclipses and influence predictable phenomena on Earth, including seasons and tidesScience understanding · AC9S7U03
• investigate and represent balanced and unbalanced forces, including gravitational force, acting on objects, and relate changes in an object’s motion to its mass and the magnitude and direction of forces acting on itScience understanding · AC9S7U04
• use particle theory to describe the arrangement of particles in a substance, including the motion of and attraction between particles, and relate this to the properties of the substanceScience understanding · AC9S7U05
• use a particle model to describe differences between pure substances and mixtures and apply understanding of properties of substances to separate mixturesScience understanding · AC9S7U06
• explain how new evidence or different perspectives can lead to changes in scientific knowledgeScience as a human endeavour · AC9S7H01
• investigate how cultural perspectives and world views influence the development of scientific knowledgeScience as a human endeavour · AC9S7H02
• examine how proposed scientific responses to contemporary issues may impact on society and explore ethical, environmental, social and economic considerationsScience as a human endeavour · AC9S7H03
• explore the role of science communication in informing individual viewpoints and community policies and regulationsScience as a human endeavour · AC9S7H04
• develop investigable questions, reasoned predictions and hypotheses to explore scientific models, identify patterns and test relationshipsScience inquiry · AC9S7I01
• plan and conduct reproducible investigations to answer questions and test hypotheses, including identifying variables and assumptions and, as appropriate, recognising and managing risks, considering ethical issues and recognising key considerations regarding heritage sites and artefacts on Country/PlaceScience inquiry · AC9S7I02
• select and use equipment to generate and record data with precision, using digital tools as appropriateScience inquiry · AC9S7I03
• select and construct appropriate representations, including tables, graphs, models and mathematical relationships, to organise and process data and informationScience inquiry · AC9S7I04
• analyse data and information to describe patterns, trends and relationships and identify anomaliesScience inquiry · AC9S7I05
• analyse methods, conclusions and claims for assumptions, possible sources of error, conflicting evidence and unanswered questionsScience inquiry · AC9S7I06
• construct evidence-based arguments to support conclusions or evaluate claims and consider any ethical issues and cultural protocols associated with using or citing secondary data or informationScience inquiry · AC9S7I07
• write and create texts to communicate ideas, findings and arguments for specific purposes and audiences, including selection of appropriate language and text features, using digital tools as appropriateScience inquiry · AC9S7I08

Year 8 English

• recognise how language shapes relationships and rolesLanguage · AC9E8LA01
• understand how layers of meaning can be created when evaluating by using literary devices such as simile and metaphorLanguage · AC9E8LA02
• explain how texts are structured depending on their purpose and how language features vary, recognising that some texts are hybrids that combine different genres or elements of different genresLanguage · AC9E8LA03
• understand how cohesion in texts is improved by strengthening the internal structure of paragraphs with examples, quotations and substantiation of claimsLanguage · AC9E8LA04
• examine a variety of clause structures including embedded clauses that add information and expand ideas in sentencesLanguage · AC9E8LA05
• understand the effect of nominalisation in textsLanguage · AC9E8LA06
• investigate how visual texts use intertextual references to enhance and layer meaningLanguage · AC9E8LA07
• identify and use vocabulary typical of academic textsLanguage · AC9E8LA08
• understand and use punctuation conventions including semicolons and dashes to extend ideas and support meaningLanguage · AC9E8LA09
• explain the ways that ideas and points of view may represent the values of individuals and groups in literary texts, drawn from historical, social and cultural contexts, by First Nations Australian, and wide-ranging Australian and world authorsLiterature · AC9E8LE01
• share opinions about the language features, literary devices and text structures that contribute to the styles of literary textsLiterature · AC9E8LE02
• explain how language and/or images in texts position readers to respond and form viewpointsLiterature · AC9E8LE03
• identify intertextual references in literary texts and explain how the references enable new understanding of the aesthetic quality of the textLiterature · AC9E8LE04
• analyse how language features such as sentence patterns create tone, and literary devices such as imagery create meaning and effectLiterature · AC9E8LE05
• create and edit literary texts that experiment with language features and literary devices for particular purposes and effectsLiterature · AC9E8LE06
• identify how texts reflect contextsLiteracy · AC9E8LY01
• use interaction skills for identified purposes and situations, including when supporting or challenging the stated or implied meanings of spoken texts in presentations or discussionLiteracy · AC9E8LY02
• analyse and evaluate the ways that language features vary according to the purpose and audience of the text, and the ways that sources and quotations are used in a textLiteracy · AC9E8LY03
• analyse how authors organise ideas to develop and shape meaningLiteracy · AC9E8LY04
• use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, monitoring, questioning and inferring to interpret and evaluate ideas in textsLiteracy · AC9E8LY05
• plan, create, edit and publish written and multimodal texts, organising and expanding ideas, and selecting text structures, language features, literary devices and visual features for purposes and audiences in ways that may be imaginative, reflective, informative, persuasive and/or analyticalLiteracy · AC9E8LY06
• plan, create, rehearse and deliver spoken and multimodal presentations for audiences and purposes, selecting language features, literary devices, visual features and features of voice to suit formal or informal situations, and organising and developing ideas in texts in ways that may be imaginative, reflective, informative, persuasive and/or analyticalLiteracy · AC9E8LY07
• apply learnt knowledge to spell accurately and to learn new wordsLiteracy · AC9E8LY08

Year 8 Maths

• recognise irrational numbers in applied contexts, including square roots and πNumber · AC9M8N01
• establish and apply the exponent laws with positive integer exponents and the zero-exponent, using exponent notation with numbersNumber · AC9M8N02
• recognise terminating and recurring decimals, using digital tools as appropriateNumber · AC9M8N03
• use the 4 operations with integers and with rational numbers, choosing and using efficient strategies and digital tools where appropriateNumber · AC9M8N04
• use mathematical modelling to solve practical problems involving rational numbers and percentages, including financial contexts; formulate problems, choosing efficient calculation strategies and using digital tools where appropriate; interpret and communicate solutions in terms of the situation, reviewing the appropriateness of the modelNumber · AC9M8N05
• create, expand, factorise, rearrange and simplify linear expressions, applying the associative, commutative, identity, distributive and inverse propertiesAlgebra · AC9M8A01
• graph linear relations on the Cartesian plane using digital tools where appropriate; solve linear equations and one-variable inequalities using graphical and algebraic techniques; verify solutions by substitutionAlgebra · AC9M8A02
• use mathematical modelling to solve applied problems involving linear relations, including financial contexts; formulate problems with linear functions, choosing a representation; interpret and communicate solutions in terms of the situation, reviewing the appropriateness of the modelAlgebra · AC9M8A03
• experiment with linear functions and relations using digital tools, making and testing conjectures and generalising emerging patternsAlgebra · AC9M8A04
• solve problems involving the area and perimeter of irregular and composite shapes using appropriate unitsMeasurement · AC9M8M01
• solve problems involving the volume and capacity of right prisms using appropriate unitsMeasurement · AC9M8M02
• solve problems involving the circumference and area of a circle using formulas and appropriate unitsMeasurement · AC9M8M03
• solve problems involving duration, including using 12- and 24-hour time across multiple time zonesMeasurement · AC9M8M04
• recognise and use rates to solve problems involving the comparison of 2 related quantities of different units of measureMeasurement · AC9M8M05
• use Pythagoras’ theorem to solve problems involving the side lengths of right-angled trianglesMeasurement · AC9M8M06
• use mathematical modelling to solve practical problems involving ratios and rates, including financial contexts; formulate problems; interpret and communicate solutions in terms of the situation, reviewing the appropriateness of the modelMeasurement · AC9M8M07
• identify the conditions for congruence and similarity of triangles and explain the conditions for other sets of common shapes to be congruent or similar, including those formed by transformationsSpace · AC9M8SP01
• establish properties of quadrilaterals using congruent triangles and angle properties, and solve related problems explaining reasoningSpace · AC9M8SP02
• describe the position and location of objects in 3 dimensions in different ways, including using a three-dimensional coordinate system with the use of dynamic geometric software and other digital toolsSpace · AC9M8SP03
• design, create and test algorithms involving a sequence of steps and decisions that identify congruency or similarity of shapes, and describe how the algorithm worksSpace · AC9M8SP04
• investigate techniques for data collection including census, sampling, experiment and observation, and explain the practicalities and implications of obtaining data through these techniquesStatistics · AC9M8ST01
• analyse and report on the distribution of data from primary and secondary sources using random and non-random sampling techniques to select and study samplesStatistics · AC9M8ST02
• compare variations in distributions and proportions obtained from random samples of the same size drawn from a population and recognise the effect of sample size on this variationStatistics · AC9M8ST03
• plan and conduct statistical investigations involving samples of a population; use ethical and fair methods to make inferences about the population and report findings, acknowledging uncertaintyStatistics · AC9M8ST04
• recognise that complementary events have a combined probability of one; use this relationship to calculate probabilities in applied contextsProbability · AC9M8P01
• determine all possible combinations for 2 events, using two-way tables, tree diagrams and Venn diagrams, and use these to determine probabilities of specific outcomes in practical situationsProbability · AC9M8P02
• conduct repeated chance experiments and simulations, using digital tools to determine probabilities for compound events, and describe resultsProbability · AC9M8P03

Year 8 Science

• recognise cells as the basic units of living things, compare plant and animal cells, and describe the functions of specialised cell structures and organellesScience understanding · AC9S8U01
• analyse the relationship between structure and function of cells, tissues and organs in a plant and an animal organ system and explain how these systems enable survival of the individualScience understanding · AC9S8U02
• investigate tectonic activity including the formation of geological features at divergent, convergent and transform plate boundaries and describe the scientific evidence for the theory of plate tectonicsScience understanding · AC9S8U03
• describe the key processes of the rock cycle, including the timescales over which they occur, and examine how the properties of sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rocks reflect their formation and influence their useScience understanding · AC9S8U04
• classify different types of energy as kinetic or potential and investigate energy transfer and transformations in simple systemsScience understanding · AC9S8U05
• classify matter as elements, compounds or mixtures and compare different representations of these, including 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional models, symbols for elements and formulas for molecules and compoundsScience understanding · AC9S8U06
• compare physical and chemical changes and identify indicators of energy change in chemical reactionsScience understanding · AC9S8U07
• explain how new evidence or different perspectives can lead to changes in scientific knowledgeScience as a human endeavour · AC9S8H01
• investigate how cultural perspectives and world views influence the development of scientific knowledgeScience as a human endeavour · AC9S8H02
• examine how proposed scientific responses to contemporary issues may impact on society and explore ethical, environmental, social and economic considerationsScience as a human endeavour · AC9S8H03
• explore the role of science communication in informing individual viewpoints and community policies and regulationsScience as a human endeavour · AC9S8H04
• develop investigable questions, reasoned predictions and hypotheses to explore scientific models, identify patterns and test relationshipsScience inquiry · AC9S8I01
• plan and conduct reproducible investigations to answer questions and test hypotheses, including identifying variables and assumptions and, as appropriate, recognising and managing risks, considering ethical issues and recognising key considerations regarding heritage sites and artefacts on Country/PlaceScience inquiry · AC9S8I02
• select and use equipment to generate and record data with precision, using digital tools as appropriateScience inquiry · AC9S8I03
• select and construct appropriate representations, including tables, graphs, models and mathematical relationships, to organise and process data and informationScience inquiry · AC9S8I04
• analyse data and information to describe patterns, trends and relationships and identify anomaliesScience inquiry · AC9S8I05
• analyse methods, conclusions and claims for assumptions, possible sources of error, conflicting evidence and unanswered questionsScience inquiry · AC9S8I06
• construct evidence-based arguments to support conclusions or evaluate claims and consider any ethical issues and cultural protocols associated with using or citing secondary data or informationScience inquiry · AC9S8I07
• write and create texts to communicate ideas, findings and arguments for specific purposes and audiences, including selection of appropriate language and text features, using digital tools as appropriateScience inquiry · AC9S8I08

Year 9 English

• recognise how language empowers relationships and rolesLanguage · AC9E9LA01
• understand how evaluation can be expressed directly and indirectly using devices such as allusion, evocative vocabulary and metaphorLanguage · AC9E9LA02
• examine how authors adapt and subvert text structures and language features by experimenting with spoken, written, visual and multimodal elements, and their combinationLanguage · AC9E9LA03
• investigate a range of cohesive devices that condense information in texts, including nominalisation, and devices that link, expand and develop ideas, including text connectivesLanguage · AC9E9LA04
• identify how authors vary sentence structures creatively for effects, such as intentionally using a dependent clause on its own or a sentence fragmentLanguage · AC9E9LA05
• understand how abstract nouns and nominalisation can be used to summarise ideas in textLanguage · AC9E9LA06
• analyse how symbols in still and moving images augment meaningLanguage · AC9E9LA07
• analyse how vocabulary choices contribute to style, mood and toneLanguage · AC9E9LA08
• understand punctuation conventions for referencing and citing others for formal and informal purposesLanguage · AC9E9LA09
• analyse the representations of people and places in literary texts, drawn from historical, social and cultural contexts, by First Nations Australian, and wide-ranging Australian and world authorsLiterature · AC9E9LE01
• present a personal response to a literary text comparing initial impressions and subsequent analysis of the whole textLiterature · AC9E9LE02
• analyse how features of literary texts influence readers’ preference for textsLiterature · AC9E9LE03
• analyse texts and evaluate the aesthetic qualities and appeal of an author’s literary styleLiterature · AC9E9LE04
• analyse the effect of text structures, language features and literary devices such as extended metaphor, metonymy, allegory, symbolism and intertextual referencesLiterature · AC9E9LE05
• create and edit literary texts, that may be a hybrid, that experiment with text structures, language features and literary devices for purposes and audiencesLiterature · AC9E9LE06
• analyse how representations of people, places, events and concepts reflect contextsLiteracy · AC9E9LY01
• listen to spoken texts that have different purposes and audiences, analysing how language features position listeners to respond in particular ways, and use interacting skills to present and discuss opinions regarding these textsLiteracy · AC9E9LY02
• analyse and evaluate how language features are used to represent a perspective of an issue, event, situation, individual or groupLiteracy · AC9E9LY03
• analyse the organisation of ideas in paragraphs and extended texts, and evaluate its impact on meaningLiteracy · AC9E9LY04
• use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, monitoring, questioning and inferring to compare and contrast ideas and opinions in and between textsLiteracy · AC9E9LY05
• plan, create, edit and publish written and multimodal texts, organising, expanding and developing ideas, and selecting text structures, language features, literary devices and multimodal features for purposes and audiences in ways that may be imaginative, reflective, informative, persuasive, analytical and/or criticalLiteracy · AC9E9LY06
• plan, create, rehearse and deliver spoken and multimodal presentations for purpose and audience, using language features, literary devices and features of voice such as volume, tone, pitch and pace, and organising, expanding and developing ideas in ways that may be imaginative, reflective, informative, persuasive, analytical and/or criticalLiteracy · AC9E9LY07
• understand how spelling is used in texts for particular effects; for example, characterisation, humour and to represent accents and distinctive speechLiteracy · AC9E9LY08

Year 9 Maths

• recognise that the real number system includes the rational numbers and the irrational numbers, and solve problems involving real numbers using digital toolsNumber · AC9M9N01
• apply the exponent laws to numerical expressions with integer exponents and extend to variablesAlgebra · AC9M9A01
• simplify algebraic expressions, expand binomial products and factorise monic quadratic expressionsAlgebra · AC9M9A02
• find the gradient of a line segment, the midpoint of the line interval and the distance between 2 distinct points on the Cartesian planeAlgebra · AC9M9A03
• identify and graph quadratic functions, solve quadratic equations graphically and numerically, and solve monic quadratic equations with integer roots algebraically, using graphing software and digital tools as appropriateAlgebra · AC9M9A04
• use mathematical modelling to solve applied problems involving change including financial contexts; formulate problems, choosing to use either linear or quadratic functions; interpret solutions in terms of the situation; evaluate the model and report methods and findingsAlgebra · AC9M9A05
• experiment with the effects of the variation of parameters on graphs of related functions, using digital tools, making connections between graphical and algebraic representations, and generalising emerging patternsAlgebra · AC9M9A06
• solve problems involving the volume and surface area of right prisms and cylinders using appropriate unitsMeasurement · AC9M9M01
• solve problems involving very small and very large measurements, time scales and intervals expressed in scientific notationMeasurement · AC9M9M02
• solve spatial problems, applying angle properties, scale, similarity, Pythagoras’ theorem and trigonometry in right-angled trianglesMeasurement · AC9M9M03
• calculate and interpret absolute, relative and percentage errors in measurements, recognising that all measurements are estimatesMeasurement · AC9M9M04
• use mathematical modelling to solve practical problems involving direct proportion, rates, ratio and scale, including financial contexts; formulate the problems and interpret solutions in terms of the situation; evaluate the model and report methods and findingsMeasurement · AC9M9M05
• recognise the constancy of the sine, cosine and tangent ratios for a given angle in right-angled triangles using properties of similaritySpace · AC9M9SP01
• apply the enlargement transformation to shapes and objects using dynamic geometry software as appropriate; identify and explain aspects that remain the same and those that changeSpace · AC9M9SP02
• design, test and refine algorithms involving a sequence of steps and decisions based on geometric constructions and theorems; discuss and evaluate refinementsSpace · AC9M9SP03
• analyse reports of surveys in digital media and elsewhere for information on how data was obtained to estimate population means and mediansStatistics · AC9M9ST01
• analyse how different sampling methods can affect the results of surveys and how choice of representation can be used to support a particular point of viewStatistics · AC9M9ST02
• represent the distribution of multiple data sets for numerical variables using comparative representations; compare data distributions with consideration of centre, spread and shape, and the effect of outliers on these measuresStatistics · AC9M9ST03
• choose appropriate forms of display or visualisation for a given type of data; justify selections and interpret displays for a given contextStatistics · AC9M9ST04
• plan and conduct statistical investigations involving the collection and analysis of different kinds of data; report findings and discuss the strength of evidence to support any conclusionsStatistics · AC9M9ST05
• list all outcomes for compound events both with and without replacement, using lists, tree diagrams, tables or arrays; assign probabilities to outcomesProbability · AC9M9P01
• calculate relative frequencies from given or collected data to estimate probabilities of events involving “and”, inclusive “or” and exclusive “or”Probability · AC9M9P02
• design and conduct repeated chance experiments and simulations, using digital tools to compare probabilities of simple events to related compound events, and describe resultsProbability · AC9M9P03

Year 9 Science

• compare the role of body systems in regulating and coordinating the body’s response to a stimulus, and describe the operation of a negative feedback mechanismScience understanding · AC9S9U01
• describe the form and function of reproductive cells and organs in animals and plants, and analyse how the processes of sexual and asexual reproduction enable survival of the speciesScience understanding · AC9S9U02
• represent the carbon cycle and examine how key processes including combustion, photosynthesis and respiration rely on interactions between Earth’s spheres (the geosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere)Science understanding · AC9S9U03
• use wave and particle models to describe energy transfer through different mediums and examine the usefulness of each model for explaining phenomenaScience understanding · AC9S9U04
• apply the law of conservation of energy to analyse system efficiency in terms of energy inputs, outputs, transfers and transformationsScience understanding · AC9S9U05
• explain how the model of the atom changed following the discovery of electrons, protons and neutrons and describe how natural radioactive decay results in stable atomsScience understanding · AC9S9U06
• model the rearrangement of atoms in chemical reactions using a range of representations, including word and simple balanced chemical equations, and use these to demonstrate the law of conservation of massScience understanding · AC9S9U07
• explain how scientific knowledge is validated and refined, including the role of publication and peer reviewScience as a human endeavour · AC9S9H01
• investigate how advances in technologies enable advances in science, and how science has contributed to developments in technologies and engineeringScience as a human endeavour · AC9S9H02
• analyse the key factors that contribute to science knowledge and practices being adopted more broadly by societyScience as a human endeavour · AC9S9H03
• examine how the values and needs of society influence the focus of scientific researchScience as a human endeavour · AC9S9H04
• develop investigable questions, reasoned predictions and hypotheses to test relationships and develop explanatory modelsScience inquiry · AC9S9I01
• plan and conduct valid, reproducible investigations to answer questions and test hypotheses, including identifying and controlling for possible sources of error and, as appropriate, developing and following risk assessments, considering ethical issues, and addressing key considerations regarding heritage sites and artefacts on Country/PlaceScience inquiry · AC9S9I02
• select and use equipment to generate and record data with precision to obtain useful sample sizes and replicable data, using digital tools as appropriateScience inquiry · AC9S9I03
• select and construct appropriate representations, including tables, graphs, descriptive statistics, models and mathematical relationships, to organise and process data and informationScience inquiry · AC9S9I04
• analyse and connect a variety of data and information to identify and explain patterns, trends, relationships and anomaliesScience inquiry · AC9S9I05
• assess the validity and reproducibility of methods and evaluate the validity of conclusions and claims, including by identifying assumptions, conflicting evidence and areas of uncertaintyScience inquiry · AC9S9I06
• construct arguments based on analysis of a variety of evidence to support conclusions or evaluate claims, and consider any ethical issues and cultural protocols associated with accessing, using or citing secondary data or informationScience inquiry · AC9S9I07
• write and create texts to communicate ideas, findings and arguments effectively for identified purposes and audiences, including selection of appropriate content, language and text features, using digital tools as appropriateScience inquiry · AC9S9I08

Year 10 English

• understand how language can have inclusive and exclusive social effects, and can empower or disempower peopleLanguage · AC9E10LA01
• understand that language used to evaluate, implicitly or explicitly reveals an individual's valuesLanguage · AC9E10LA02
• analyse text structures and language features and evaluate their effectiveness in achieving their purposeLanguage · AC9E10LA03
• understand how paragraph structure can be varied to create cohesion, and paragraphs and images can be integrated for different purposesLanguage · AC9E10LA04
• analyse and evaluate the effectiveness of particular sentence structures to express and craft ideasLanguage · AC9E10LA05
• analyse how meaning and style are achieved through syntaxLanguage · AC9E10LA06
• evaluate the features of still and moving images, and the effects of those choices on representationsLanguage · AC9E10LA07
• use an expanded technical and academic vocabulary for precision when writing academic textsLanguage · AC9E10LA08
• understand how authors use and experiment with punctuationLanguage · AC9E10LA09
• analyse representations of individuals, groups and places and evaluate how they reflect their context in literary texts by First Nations Australian, and wide-ranging Australian and world authorsLiterature · AC9E10LE01
• reflect on and extend others’ interpretations of and responses to literatureLiterature · AC9E10LE02
• analyse how the aesthetic qualities associated with text structures, language features, literary devices and visual features, and the context in which these texts are experienced, influence audience responseLiterature · AC9E10LE03
• evaluate the social, moral or ethical positions represented in literatureLiterature · AC9E10LE04
• analyse how text structure, language features, literary devices and intertextual connections shape interpretations of textsLiterature · AC9E10LE05
• compare and evaluate how “voice” as a literary device is used in different types of texts, such as poetry, novels and film, to evoke emotional responsesLiterature · AC9E10LE06
• analyse and evaluate the aesthetic qualities of textsLiterature · AC9E10LE07
• create and edit literary texts with a sustained “voice”, selecting and adapting text structures, literary devices, and language, auditory and visual features for purposes and audiencesLiterature · AC9E10LE08
• analyse and evaluate how people, places, events and concepts are represented in texts and reflect contextsLiteracy · AC9E10LY01
• listen to spoken texts and explain the purposes and effects of text structures and language features, and use interaction skills to discuss and present an opinion about these textsLiteracy · AC9E10LY02
• analyse and evaluate how language features are used to implicitly or explicitly represent values, beliefs and attitudesLiteracy · AC9E10LY03
• analyse and evaluate how authors organise ideas in texts to achieve a purposeLiteracy · AC9E10LY04
• integrate comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, monitoring, questioning and inferring to analyse and interpret complex and abstract ideasLiteracy · AC9E10LY05
• plan, create, edit and publish written and multimodal texts, organising, expanding and developing ideas through experimenting with text structures, language features, literary devices and multimodal features for specific purposes and audiences in ways that may be imaginative, reflective, informative, persuasive, analytical and/or criticalLiteracy · AC9E10LY06
• plan, create, rehearse and deliver spoken and multimodal presentations by experimenting with rhetorical devices, and the organisation and development of ideas, to engage audiences for different purposes in ways that may be imaginative, reflective, informative, persuasive, analytical and/or criticalLiteracy · AC9E10LY07
• use knowledge of the spelling system to spell words and to manipulate standard spelling for particular effectsLiteracy · AC9E10LY08

Year 10 Maths

• recognise the effect of using approximations of real numbers in repeated calculations and compare the results when using exact representationsNumber · AC9M10N01
• expand, factorise and simplify expressions and solve equations algebraically, applying exponent laws involving products, quotients and powers of variables, and the distributive propertyAlgebra · AC9M10A01
• solve linear inequalities and simultaneous linear equations in 2 variables; interpret solutions graphically and communicate solutions in terms of the situationAlgebra · AC9M10A02
• recognise the connection between algebraic and graphical representations of exponential relations and solve related exponential equations, using digital tools where appropriateAlgebra · AC9M10A03
• use mathematical modelling to solve applied problems involving growth and decay, including financial contexts; formulate problems, choosing to apply linear, quadratic or exponential models; interpret solutions in terms of the situation; evaluate and modify models as necessary and report assumptions, methods and findingsAlgebra · AC9M10A04
• experiment with functions and relations using digital tools, making and testing conjectures and generalising emerging patternsAlgebra · AC9M10A05
• solve problems involving the surface area and volume of composite objects using appropriate unitsMeasurement · AC9M10M01
• interpret and use logarithmic scales in applied contexts involving small and large quantities and changeMeasurement · AC9M10M02
• solve practical problems applying Pythagoras’ theorem and trigonometry of right-angled triangles, including problems involving direction and angles of elevation and depressionMeasurement · AC9M10M03
• identify the impact of measurement errors on the accuracy of results in practical contextsMeasurement · AC9M10M04
• use mathematical modelling to solve practical problems involving proportion and scaling of objects; formulate problems and interpret solutions in terms of the situation; evaluate and modify models as necessary, and report assumptions, methods and findingsMeasurement · AC9M10M05
• apply deductive reasoning to proofs involving shapes in the plane and use theorems to solve spatial problemsSpace · AC9M10SP01
• interpret networks and network diagrams used to represent relationships in practical situations and describe connectednessSpace · AC9M10SP02
• design, test and refine solutions to spatial problems using algorithms and digital tools; communicate and justify solutionsSpace · AC9M10SP03
• analyse claims, inferences and conclusions of statistical reports in the media, including ethical considerations and identification of potential sources of biasStatistics · AC9M10ST01
• compare data distributions for continuous numerical variables using appropriate data displays including boxplots; discuss the shapes of these distributions in terms of centre, spread, shape and outliers in the context of the dataStatistics · AC9M10ST02
• construct scatterplots and comment on the association between the 2 numerical variables in terms of strength, direction and linearityStatistics · AC9M10ST03
• construct two-way tables and discuss possible relationship between categorical variablesStatistics · AC9M10ST04
• plan and conduct statistical investigations of situations that involve bivariate data; evaluate and report findings with consideration of limitations of any inferencesStatistics · AC9M10ST05
• use the language of “if ... then”, “given”, “of”, “knowing that” to describe and interpret situations involving conditional probabilityProbability · AC9M10P01
• design and conduct repeated chance experiments and simulations using digital tools to model conditional probability and interpret resultsProbability · AC9M10P02

Year 10 Science

• explain the role of meiosis and mitosis and the function of chromosomes, DNA and genes in heredity and predict patterns of Mendelian inheritanceScience understanding · AC9S10U01
• use the theory of evolution by natural selection to explain past and present diversity and analyse the scientific evidence supporting the theoryScience understanding · AC9S10U02
• describe how the big bang theory models the origin and evolution of the universe and analyse the supporting evidence for the theoryScience understanding · AC9S10U03
• use models of energy flow between the geosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere to explain patterns of global climate changeScience understanding · AC9S10U04
• investigate Newton’s laws of motion and quantitatively analyse the relationship between force, mass and acceleration of objectsScience understanding · AC9S10U05
• explain how the structure and properties of atoms relate to the organisation of the elements in the periodic tableScience understanding · AC9S10U06
• identify patterns in synthesis, decomposition and displacement reactions and investigate the factors that affect reaction ratesScience understanding · AC9S10U07
• explain how scientific knowledge is validated and refined, including the role of publication and peer reviewScience as a human endeavour · AC9S10H01
• investigate how advances in technologies enable advances in science, and how science has contributed to developments in technologies and engineeringScience as a human endeavour · AC9S10H02
• analyse the key factors that contribute to science knowledge and practices being adopted more broadly by societyScience as a human endeavour · AC9S10H03
• examine how the values and needs of society influence the focus of scientific researchScience as a human endeavour · AC9S10H04
• develop investigable questions, reasoned predictions and hypotheses to test relationships and develop explanatory modelsScience inquiry · AC9S10I01
• plan and conduct valid, reproducible investigations to answer questions and test hypotheses, including identifying and controlling for possible sources of error and, as appropriate, developing and following risk assessments, considering ethical issues, and addressing key considerations regarding heritage sites and artefacts on Country/PlaceScience inquiry · AC9S10I02
• select and use equipment to generate and record data with precision to obtain useful sample sizes and replicable data, using digital tools as appropriateScience inquiry · AC9S10I03
• select and construct appropriate representations, including tables, graphs, descriptive statistics, models and mathematical relationships, to organise and process data and informationScience inquiry · AC9S10I04
• analyse and connect a variety of data and information to identify and explain patterns, trends, relationships and anomaliesScience inquiry · AC9S10I05
• assess the validity and reproducibility of methods and evaluate the validity of conclusions and claims, including by identifying assumptions, conflicting evidence and areas of uncertaintyScience inquiry · AC9S10I06
• construct arguments based on analysis of a variety of evidence to support conclusions or evaluate claims, and consider any ethical issues and cultural protocols associated with accessing, using or citing secondary data or informationScience inquiry · AC9S10I07
• write and create texts to communicate ideas, findings and arguments effectively for identified purposes and audiences, including selection of appropriate content, language and text features, using digital tools as appropriateScience inquiry · AC9S10I08