AC9E1LY08 • Year 1 English

Write Words with Upper- and Lower-Case Letters

I can form clear unjoined lower-case and upper-case letters when I write words.

Key concept

Learning goal: I can form clear unjoined lower-case and upper-case letters when I write words.

  • Write words using clear, unjoined lower-case and upper-case letters.
  • Use a functional pencil grip or grasp that supports controlled writing.

Steps to use

Start point → Form letter → Space word → Re-read

See it, then try it

Letter shape and word spacing matter

Catcattall lettersshort lettersspaces

Worked example

Question: Is “dogcat” two readable words? No. It needs a space: “dog cat”.

Check formation and spacing

start in right placecorrect directionletters sit on linespace between words
Curriculum Coverage & Elaborations

Curriculum Coverage & Elaborations

The content description is the required target. The elaborations below are taught as examples and contexts, not as disconnected checklist wording.

  • E1: continuing to develop a functional pencil grip/grasp
Common misconceptions
  • Joined words — Use clear spaces between words.
  • Capital inside word — Use capitals only where needed.
  • Letter reversal — Practise start point and direction.
Try these
  1. Letter family practice — Write letters with similar movements together.
    c o a d
  2. Word spacing check — Rewrite two words with a clear finger space.
    red ball
  3. Readable word test — Read your word back to a partner.
    Can they read it?
Explain and apply

Match upper and lower case

Which letters match: B and b, B and d, or B and p?

Answer and teaching guidance

B and b match because they are the upper-case and lower-case forms of the same letter.

Capital for names

Edit the name ava.

Answer and teaching guidance

The correct form is Ava because a name begins with a capital letter.

Readable unjoined letters

Write the word sun using separate lower-case letters.

Answer and teaching guidance

Letters should be unjoined, correctly shaped and easy to recognise.

Check letter direction

Which letters are easy to reverse: b and d, m and n, or c and o?

Answer and teaching guidance

b and d are often confused, so students should check the stick and circle direction.

Check your understanding

Quick checks

  • Write Cat and cat.
  • Where should spaces go?
  • Why re-read handwriting?
  • Name one letter that starts like c.

I am ready when I can

  • I can write words using clear, unjoined lower-case and upper-case letters.
  • I can use a functional pencil grip or grasp that supports controlled writing.
Curriculum equivalents: Victoria, NSW and international

Curriculum equivalents for Words using unjoined lower-case and upper-case letters

Mapped skill: write words using unjoined lower-case and upper-case letters

These references identify matching or closely related learning. Curriculum sequence, terminology and depth vary, so teachers should use the mapped skill and lesson difficulty to confirm suitability.

RegionCurriculum frameworkClosest level or code
AustraliaAustralian Curriculum v9.0AC9E1LY08 · Year 1
VictoriaVictorian Curriculum F–10 Version 2.0 — EnglishVC2E1LY08 · Level 1
New South WalesNSW English K–10 Syllabus (2022)EN1-CWT-01 · Stage 1
United States (USA)Common Core State Standards for English Language ArtsGrade 1
Canada (Ontario)Ontario Curriculum — EnglishGrade 1
United Kingdom (England)National Curriculum in England — EnglishYear 2, Key Stage 1
IndiaNCERT / CBSE — EnglishClass 1

Australian Curriculum v9.0 is the canonical source for this SkillrHub lesson. Victoria and NSW entries name the closest published state codes or outcomes; international entries are planning references rather than claims of identical curricula.

Resources
🎥 Optional Video Lesson

The SkillrHub lesson remains the primary learning resource. This optional video reinforces the explanation; you can complete the lesson and practice without watching.

Back to the lesson

Before you watch:

  • Pause after each worked example.
  • Try the examples yourself.
  • Return to the SkillrHub lesson before continuing.
Recommended: Handwriting Lesson: Letter Size and Placement

Learning Without Tears — Notice how tall, small and descending letters fit on writing lines.

As you watch: Which letters are tall? Which stay small, and which have a part below the line?

Load video player Loads YouTube in this lesson. See the video notice below.

Try it: Write cat and dog using separate letters and your usual classroom letter shapes. Check the tall letters, small letters and the part of g that goes below the line.

Video unavailable, inaccurate or unsuitable for this year? Report a video problem to SkillrHub by email. You can continue with the written lesson and practice resources.

About these videos

Videos are curated from trusted independent educational creators and played through YouTube. Rights remain with their respective owners. Inclusion does not imply that a creator or YouTube endorses SkillrHub.

YouTube’s terms and privacy policy apply to its player. Advertising, recommendations and external links may appear, and videos may change or become unavailable. SkillrHub’s written lessons and practice resources remain available separately.

To report a content, suitability or rights concern, email skillrhublearning@gmail.com with the lesson code and video link. Please do not include personal student information.