Use the chain evidence → audience-appropriate message → understanding and trust → viewpoint or behaviour → possible policy or regulation.
Effective communication is accurate, clear, accessible, transparent about uncertainty and linked to credible evidence and expertise.
Risk communication should distinguish relative and absolute risk. Saying a risk “doubled” can mislead if it changed only from 1 in 10,000 to 2 in 10,000.
Communication informs policy and regulation but does not mechanically create them; communities also weigh ethics, economics, feasibility and values.