Year 1 English · AC9E1LY10

Orally manipulate phonemes in spoken words by addition, deletion and substitution of initial, medial and final phonemes to generate new words (phonological awareness)

Phonemes can be added, deleted or substituted at the start, middle or end of spoken words to make new words

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Learning goalsSay it simply

1. Outcome Overview & Core Concepts

Phonemes can be added, deleted or substituted at the start, middle or end of spoken words to make new words.

Learning target: orally manipulate phonemes in spoken words by addition, deletion and substitution of initial, medial and final phonemes to generate new words (phonological awareness)

Big idea: Add, delete and substitute sounds to make new spoken words

Learning routine: Say word → Change sound → Say new word → Check meaning

Key conceptTeach from the board

2. Subject-Specific Content & Key Examples

Change one sound, make a new word

cat → atcat → capat → satpin → pan

Worked example

Question: Change the first sound in “mat” to /s/. The new word is “sat”.

Say the change aloud

adddeletesubstituteinitialmedialfinal

Sound switch

Change one starting sound to make a new word.

Guided practice

  1. Sound switch — Change one starting sound to make a new word.
    mat → sat
  2. Take away — Delete the first sound and say what remains.
    smile → mile
  3. Middle sound change — Change /i/ in pin to /a/.
    pin → pan
Clean visual examplesOne-page board

Clean one-page examples

AC9E1LY10 - Orally manipulate phonemes in spoken words by addition, deletion and substitution of initial, medial and final phonemes to generate new words (phonological awareness)
Example 1

Change one sound, make a new word cat → at cat → cap at → sat pin → pan

Example 2

Worked example Question: Change the first sound in “mat” to /s/. The new word is “sat”.

Example 3

Say the change aloud add delete substitute initial medial final

Example 4

Sound switch Change one starting sound to make a new word.

Curriculum examplesCurriculum examples

Curriculum Coverage & Elaborations

The content description is the required target. The elaborations below are taught as examples and contexts, not as disconnected checklist wording.

  • E1: adding, substituting or deleting phonemes in any position in one-syllable words with up to 4 phonemes
  • E2: substituting medial sounds in spoken words to make new words; for example, “pin”, “pen”, “pan”
  • E3: substituting final sounds in spoken words; for example, substitute the “t” in “pet” with “g” to form a new word “peg”
Questions and answersWith answers

Revision Notes

  • Remember: Add, delete and substitute sounds to make new spoken words
  • Use the routine: Say word → Change sound → Say new word → Check meaning
  • Before answering: point to the clue in the spoken words, written sentence, image, page layout or text purpose.
  • Self-check: change the example slightly and see whether the same reasoning still works.
Practice and reviewReady for practice

3. Common Student Misconceptions

  • Changing letters silently: Say the sounds aloud.
  • Changing more than one sound: Change only the sound named.
  • Forgetting middle/final sounds: Practise start, middle and end positions.

Practice Thought & Formative Assessment

Use a fresh, code-aligned example. The student should show the exact word, sound, sentence, image feature, audience clue or text evidence that supports the answer.

Quick checks

  • Change mat to sat.
  • Delete /s/ from smile.
  • Change pin to pan.
  • What does substitute mean?

Mastery evidence

  • Add phonemes
  • Delete phonemes
  • Substitute phonemes
  • Change initial sounds
Curriculum alignmentStart here

1. Outcome Overview & Core Concepts

Phonemes can be added, deleted or substituted at the start, middle or end of spoken words to make new words.

Learning target: orally manipulate phonemes in spoken words by addition, deletion and substitution of initial, medial and final phonemes to generate new words (phonological awareness)

Big idea: Add, delete and substitute sounds to make new spoken words

Learning routine: Say word → Change sound → Say new word → Check meaning

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