Year 9 Science • AC9S9I05 • Authored homework
Patterns, Trends, Relationships and Anomalies
Analyse and connect data to identify patterns, trends, relationships and anomalies, then make careful claims that match the evidence. Use precise science language and support longer responses with clear reasoning.
Part A
Short-answer questions
What is a trend in scientific data?
What is an anomaly?
Why should an anomalous result be investigated before being removed?
What does a positive relationship between variables mean?
What does a negative relationship between variables mean?
Why can a graph make a trend easier to see than a table?
What is the difference between correlation and causation?
How can repeated trials help identify anomalies?
Write one cautious conclusion sentence using the word “suggests”.
Correct this misconception: “One unusual result should always be deleted.”
Part B
Long-answer questions
A graph shows reaction rate increasing as temperature increases. Describe the trend and give a possible explanation.
A data set has one result far from all the others. Explain three possible causes and what should be done next.
Compare two data sets and decide which gives stronger evidence, referring to trend, spread and repeats.
Explain why a correlation between two variables does not always prove one causes the other.
Analyse a graph showing heart rate before, during and after exercise. Identify the trend and explain the biology.
Use carbon-cycle data to explain how two pieces of evidence can support the same claim.
Evaluate a conclusion that ignores an anomaly because it does not fit the hypothesis.
Write a claim-evidence-reasoning paragraph from a described pattern in investigation results.
Explain how connecting several sources of data can make a scientific argument stronger.
Create a full analysis of one data pattern, including trend, relationship, anomaly, possible explanation and cautious conclusion.
Part C
Research and understanding task
Find a published graph or table about climate, health, sport, energy or environment. Identify the trend, one possible anomaly, and a careful conclusion supported by the evidence.